Compressor cylinder block



Sept. 17, 1968 1, PRWQN ETAL 3,401,873

GOMPkESSOR CYLINDER BLOCK Filed Jan. 13, 1967 v :s Sheets-sheaf, 1

INVENTORS. GEORGE T. PRIVON. DWIGHT L. TOTHERO.

ATTORNEY.

Sept. 17, 1968 G. T. PRIVON ETAL 3,401,873

COMPRESSOR CYLINDER BLOCK Filed Jan. 13, 1967 I s Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS. GEORGE T. PRIVON. DWIGHT L. TOTHERO.

wzmm/a ATTORNEY.

Sept. 17, 1968 G. T. PRIVON ET AL COMPRESSOR CYLINDER BLOCK Filed Jan. 13, 1967 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTORS. PRIVON.

ATTORNEY.

United States Patent 3,401,873 COMPRESSOR CYLINDER BLOCK George T. Privou, Camiilus, N.Y., and Dwight L. Tothero, York, Pa., assignors to Carrier Corporation, Syracuse, N.Y., a corporation of Delaware Filed Jan. 13, 1967, Ser. No. 609,134 9 Claims. (Cl. 230-238) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A compressor cylinder block is formed of two sections. One section forms a cylinder for a compressor. The other section may be a blank or form another cylinder for the compressor. This arrangement provides an assembly for either a one or a two cylinder compressor.

This invention relates to a reciprocating compressor, and more particularly, to a reciprocating compressor having a fabricated cylinder block to facilitate manufacture of either a one or two cylinder compressor.

The ever present need to make a better compressor at less cost finds particular significance in small size compressors adapted for refrigeration system use, specifically one or two cylinder compressor sizes. In these compressor sizes, competition is extremely keen and the per capita profit usually small. Economy of manufacture, without sacrifice in quality, is therefore extremely significant.

It is a principal object of the present invention to provide a new :and improved hermetic reciprocating compressor.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an improved construction for single and multicylinder hermetic compressors in which the cylinder block is assembled from common cylinder block segments joined together.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an improved construction for one or two cylinder compressors in which the compressor cylinder blocks are comprised of two sections assembled together, the block sections making up the two cylinder compressor block being the same as one of the block sections making up the one cylinder compressor.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel compressor construction requiring only two different cylinder block sections to enable manufacture of either a one or two cylinder compressor.

This invention relates to :a cylinder block for a reciprocating compressor comprising a first cylinder block section having at least one wall lying in a substantially flat plane with a cylinder bore projecting from the one Wall through the block section toward an opposite side thereof, the cylinder bore being adapted to fit a piston; thefirst block section one wall being recessed around the cylinder bore to accommodate movement of the compressor crankshaft eccentric and the rod element joining the crankshaft eccentric to the piston; a second cylinder block section having at least one wall lying in a substantially flat plane, the first cylinder block section wall being abutable with the second cylinder block section wall to complete the compressor cylinder block; the first block seclion having a pair of manifold forming passages therewithin opening through the one wall thereof at divergent points therealong, the second block section wall having a pair of manifold passages openings therein adapted to mate with the first block section manifold forming passage openings to form at least one continuous rnanifold upon assembly of the first block section with the second block section, one of the first block section manifold forming passages leading to the periphery of the first 3,401,873 Patented Sept. 17, 1968 "ice block section to permit connection with a conduit leading from the compressor.

Other objects will be apparent from the ensuing description and drawings in which:

FIGURE 1 is a sectional view of a two cylinder compressor incorporating the cylinder block assembly of the present invention;

FIGURE 2 is a sectional view of a one cylinder compressor incorporating the cylinder block assembly of the present invention;

FIGURE 3 is an exploded view showing the cylinder block sections for the one cylinder compressor block assembly; and

FIGURE 4 is a bottom perspective view showing the cylinder block assembly for a cylinder compressor block.

In FIGURES 1 and 2 of the drawings, there are shown hermetic type reciprocating compressors, designated generally by the numerals 1, 1' respectively, such as used in refrigeration systems. The compressor 1 is a two cylinder opposed compressor while compressor 1' is a one cylinder compressor. Cylinder blocks 8, 8' respectively of each compressor 1, 1 are formed from two halves or sections fastened together. In the compressor 1, a pair of substantially identical cylinder forming block sections 40, 40' are assembled together while in compressor 1', a single cylinder forming block section 40 is coupled to a blanked block section 60.

Referring to FIGURE 1, the composite cylinder block 8 of compressor 1 has opposed cylinder bores 9 therein. While cylinder bores 9 are illustrated as being co-axi-al, it is understood that the axes of cylinder bores 9 may be offset from one another. Pistons 11 are movably fitted in cylinders 9 and operably connected by means of rods 12 with the eccentric part 15 of crankshaft .16. Crankshaft 16 is supported for rotation by journals 18, 19, thrust ring 20 in lower journal 19 resisting downward movement of crankshaft 16.

Crankshaft 16 projects above journal 18 and has rotor 20 of motor 21 fixed thereon. Motor stator 22 is supported on the upper deck of cylinder block 8, recessed area 24 in the cylinder block upper deck accommodating stator winding end turns 22.

Cylinder heads 25 with suitable suction and discharge valves 26, 27 respectively are sealingly secured to block 8 over each of the cylinder bores 9. Suction gas stacks 29 communicate wi h suction ports 30 in cylinder block 8 and the cylinder head suction valves 26. Discharge gas from the cylinders flows through discharge valve 2'7 and rn-uiiling passages 32, 33 to compressor discharge line or lines 35.

A hermetic shell 37 spacedly encompasses the cylinder block-motor assembly, the cylinder block-motor assembly being resiliently supported by shell 37 on springs 38. Opening 39 in shell 37 communicates with the source of low pressure gas, the suction gas flowing through the upper part of shell 27 into suction gas stacks 29. The lower part 28 of shell 37 serves as a lubricant storage sump.

The one cylinder compressor 1', shown in FIGURE 2 where like numbers refer to like parts, is similar in construction to that of compressor 1 except for its cylinder block 8 and the discharge gas muflling arrangement, as will be more apparent hereinafter.

Cylinder block section 40 is a shell like part, preferably formed by casting, having substantially flat inside and outside wall surfaces 41, 42 respectively. The wall surface 41 is adapted to seat a second identical cylinder block section 40 or blanked block section 6 0 as will appear more fully hereinafter. The lower part of cylinder block section 40 has an outwardly projecting rounded area 44, 45 extending along each side thereof from the inside wall 41. Mufliing passages 32, 33 are formed within the rounded areas 44, 45 respectively. As best seen in FIG- URE 4, passage 32 extends through block section 40 along one side thereof from inside wall 41 to outside wall 42, While passage 33 extends through block section 40 along the opposite side thereof from inside wall 41 to the periphery of block section 8 slightly below outside Wall 42. Discharge line 35 is adapted to be connected to passage 33.

Cylinder bore 9 is formed in the central area of cylinder block section 40. At the upper portion of block section 40, a peripheral wall section thereof projects upwardly and forms seat 46 for motor stator 22.

The inside wall 41 of cylinder block section 40' is recessed at 48 circumjacent cylinder bore 9. Recess 48 accommodates movement of crankshaft 16 and connecting rod 12 and cooperates with a like recess in second block section 40 or 6 2 when mated therewith upon fabrication of cylinder block 8 or 8', to form the compressor crankcase or running gear chamber.

Recesses 43 in the side Walls of block section 40' vent the compressor crankcase or running gear compartment to the interior of the compressor shell 37. Openings 43 permit lubricant accumulated in the compressor crankcase to return to the sump 28. It is understood that where a pressurized compressor crank-case is desired, openings 43 are dispensed with. In this construction, one or more passages are provided in cylinder block 8 to permit return of lubricant from the compressor crankcase to sump 28.

Cylinder block section 48 includes an upwardly projecting semicircular boss or bearing head 55. The inside surface of boss 55, which forms part of inside wall 41, has a semicircular bearing recess 18' therein extending longitudinally thereof to recess 48. A similar bearing recess 19' is provided in the lower portion of inside wall 41, bearing recess 19" extending longitudinally from recess 48 to the base of cylinder block section 40. Bearing recesses 18, 19 cooperate with like hearing recesses in the mating cylinder block section 40 or blanked section 60 upon fabrication of cylinder block 8 or 8' to form the upper and lower crankshaft journals 18, 19 respectively.

,Blanked block section 60 comprises a shell like part which is preferably formed by casting. The inside or mating wall surface 62 of block section 69 is substantially fiat and of a dimension and configuration to assure mating engagement with inside wall 41 of cylinder block section 40 upon assembly of one cylinder block 8'. The remaining peripheral surface of block section 60 may be rounded.

The lower part of cylinder block section 60 has an outwardly projecting rounded area or belt 65 extending around the circumference thereof. A continuous muffiling passage 67, which is essentially U-shaped, is formed within the rounded area 65 of block section 68. Mufliing passage 67 opens at spaced points in the inside wall 62 adjacent the bottom thereof and opposite the passages 32, 33 in block section 40. On assembly of block section 40 with block section 60, passage 67 in section 60 connects passage 32 of section 40 with passage 33 thereof to form a continuous muffiing passage.

Wall 62 of blanked block section 60 is opened at 68 to accommodate movement of eccentric 15 of crankshaft 16. Opening 68 cooperates with recess 48 in the mating block section 40 to form a crankcase or running gear chamber.

Blanked block section 60 includes an upwardly projecting semicircular boss or bearing head 70, the inside Wall of which is coplanar with wall 62 thereof. Bearing head 70 has a longitudinal semicircular bearing recess 18' therein. A second longitudinal semicircular bearing recess 19' is formed in the lower portion of inside wall 62 of block section 60. On joinder of block sections 60, 40, bearing recesses 18', 19 in each of the block sections 40, 68 form upper and lower crankshaft journals 18, 19 respectively.

It is understood that the configuration and dimension of muffling passages 32, 33 of cylinder block section 40 and passage 67 of blanked block section 60 may be varied to provide optimum quieting and efiiciency for various compressor SIZES.

On assembly of cylinder block 8' for a one cylinder compressor, cylinder block section 40 is joined to blanked cylinder block section 60 with the inside walls 41, 62 respectively thereof in abutting engagement. Block sections 40, 60 are retained in engagement by suitable means such as screws 75. The U-shaped mufiiing passage 67 in blanked block section 60 connects mufiling passage 32 in block section 40 with mufiiing passage 33 in block section 40 to complete a mufiling passage for discharge gas extending from outside wall 42 of block section 40 through passages 32, 67, 33 and the peripheral wall of section 40 for connection with discharge line 35. Recessed area 48 in block section 40 cooperates with opening 68 in block section 60 to provide the compressor crankcase or running gear chamber.

For a two cylinder compressor, identical cylinder forming block sections 40, 40" are joined together as shown in FIGURE 4 with the inside walls 41, 41 thereof in faceto-face abutting contact. The two block sections 40, 40 are held together by suitable means such as screws. The muffling passages 32, 33 in section 40 connect with the mufiiing passages 33', 32' respectively in section 40 to form a separate muffiing passage for each of the compressor cylinders. One, that for cylinder 9 in block section 40, comprises interconnected passages 32, 33' in block sections 40, 40 respectively while the mufliing passage for the other cylinder comprises interconnected passages 32, 33 in block sections 40, 40" respectively. Branched discharge line 35 is suitably connected to passages 33, 33 of the block sections 40, 40' respectively.

Suitable gaskets (not shown) may be provided between the several contacting surfaces of the compressor 1 or 1 as for example between the walls 41, 41' of block sec tions 40, 40", walls 41, 62 of block sections 40, 60 respectively, etc., as known to those versed in the art.

While we have described a preferred embodiment of our invention, it will be understood that the invention is not limited thereto, but may be otherwise embodied within the scope of the following claims.

We claim:

1. In a cylinder block for reciprocating compressors,

the combination of a first cylinder block section having at least one wall lying in a substantially flat plane with a cylinder bore projecting from said one wall through said block section toward an opposite side thereof, said cylinder bore being adapted to fit a piston; said first block section one wall being recessed around said cylinder bore to accommodate movement of the compressor crankshaft eccentric and the rod element joining the crankshaft eccentric to the piston; a second cylinder block section having at least one wall lying in a substantially flat plane, said first cylinder block section wall being abutable with said second cylinder block section wall to complete the compressor cylinder block; said first block section having a pair of manifold forming passages therewithin opening through said one wall thereof at divergent points therealong, said second block section wall having a pair of manifold passage openings therein adapted to mate with said first block section manifold forming passage openings to form at least one continuous manifold upon assembly of said first block section with said second block section, one of said first block section manifold forming passages leading to the periphery of said first block section to permit connection with a conduit leading from said compressor.

2. A cylinder block according to claim 1 in which said first cylinder block section has a second substantially flat wall, said cylinder bore opening through said second wall, said second wall being adapted to seat a cylinder head.

3. A cylinder block according to claim 2 in which the other of said manifold forming passages extends through said first cylinder block section and opens into said second wall.

4. A cylinder block according to claim 1 in which said pair of manifold forming passage openings in said first block section one wall are equally spaced from and on opposite sides of the plane passing through the axis of said cylinder bore, said openings being perpendicular to the plane of said first block section wall.

5. A cylinder block according to claim 1 in which said second block section has a generally U-shaped manifold forming passage therewithin leading from one of the openings in said second block section wall to the other so that upon assembly of said first block section with said second block section there is formed a single continuous manifold.

6. A cylinder block according to claim 1 in which said second cylinder block section is substantially like said first cylinder block section, assembly of said first block section with said second block section completing a cylinder block for a two cylinder compressor, said pair of manifold forming passages in said first block section connecting with a like pair of manifold forming passages in said second block section to form two separate manifolds.

7. For use as a component in forming a one or two cylinder block for a compressor comprising a cylinder blocksection having at least one wall lying in a substantially flat plane; said one wall including a recessed area to accommodate movement of the eccentric portion of the compressor crankshaft; said block section having a cylinder bore therein extending from said recessed area to a peripheral wall thereof; said cylinder bore being adapted to fit a piston; said block section having a pair of internal passages therein open to said one wall at spaced points therealong; said block section one Wall being en gageable with a like wall of a second blanked cylinder block section to form a cylinder block for a one cylinder compressor or with a second substantially identical cylinder block section to form a cylinder block for a two cylinder compressor, said internal passages being adapted to mate with corresponding passage openings in the matching wall of either of said second block sections upon assembly of said first mentioned cylinder block section with one of said second cylinder block sections to complete at least one uninterrupted passage for conveying compressor discharge gas through said one or two cylinder blocks; one of said pair of internal passages being open to a peripheral Wall of said cylinder block section to enable said one passage to be connected with a conduit leading from the compressor.

8. A component according to claim 7 in which the peripheral wall of said first mentioned cylinder block section is substantially fiat and lies in a plane parallel to and spaced from the plane of said one wall; said peripheral wall being adapted to seat a cylinder head, the other of said pair of internal passages being open to said peripheral wall.

9. For use as a component in forming a one cylinder block for a compressor comprising a 'block section having at least one wall lying in a substantially fiat plane; said one wall including a recessed area to accommodate movement of the eccentric portion of the compressor crankshaft; said block section having a generally U-shaped internal passage terminating in spaced openings in the surface of said one wall; said block section wall being engageable with a like wall of a cylinder forming second block section to complete the cylinder block for a one cylinder compressor, the terminal openings of said U- shaped passage being adapted to mate with corresponding passage openings in the engaging wall of said second bock section so that on assembly of said first mentioned block section with a second block section, said U-shaped passage interconnects one of the second block passage openings with the other of said openings to form a continuous passage adapted to convey discharge gas through said one cylinder block.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 957,597 5/1910 Bastian 230- 3,044,682 7/1962 Weibel et al 230--58 ROBERT M. WALKER, Primary Examiner. 

